Gentle Laxatives For Seniors: Natural Relief Options

Constipation is a common issue for older people, with over 65% of people over 65 experiencing it. While it is usually not severe, it can be the first symptom of a more serious condition. It can also cause pain and discomfort, impacting a person's quality of life. Luckily, constipation can be treated and prevented in several ways. One method is the use of laxatives, which help increase stool motility, bulk, and frequency. However, they should be used sparingly as they can cause problems when overused or misused. This article will discuss gentle laxatives suitable for seniors, including their benefits and considerations for safe use.

Osmotic laxatives are a gentle option for seniors

Osmotic laxatives are generally well-tolerated by older adults, and one of the most common osmotic laxatives is polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX). This osmotic laxative is often used daily and can be a good next step if stool softeners are not providing sufficient relief. Polyethylene glycol holds water in the stool to soften it and increase bowel movements. Common side effects of this treatment include gas, bloating, and nausea. Osmotic laxatives may produce a bowel movement in 30 minutes to six hours, but some may take up to 24 to 48 hours to take effect.

It is important to note that osmotic laxatives should be used with caution in individuals experiencing constipation due to dehydration. While osmotic laxatives can be suitable for long-term use if used correctly, it is important to increase water intake throughout the day when using this treatment.

Polyethylene glycol is a well-tolerated osmotic laxative

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a well-tolerated osmotic laxative commonly used to treat constipation in older adults. It is available under the brand name MiraLAX® and works by increasing the amount of water absorbed by the intestines, softening the stool, and making bowel movements easier. It also increases pressure, prompting the intestinal muscles to move the stool.

PEG is generally safe and effective for older adults, as it is associated with limited adverse effects. It is preferred over other laxatives due to its better taste and reduced side effects. Clinical trials have shown that PEG is superior to placebo in treating constipation, resulting in more frequent and easier bowel movements with less cramping and better stool consistency. It has also been found to improve the quality of life of patients by reducing pain, bloating, and constipation symptoms.

PEG is available as a powder that can be mixed with water, juice, tea, coffee, or soda. The recommended dose for adults is 17 grams of PEG 3350 mixed with 8 ounces of liquid, taken once daily. It is important to note that PEG should not be mixed with starch-based thickeners. While it can be taken daily for up to a week, it is recommended to consult a healthcare provider if a longer-term solution is needed.

PEG is considered safe for pregnant women and breastfeeding women due to its minimal systemic absorption. However, it is always advisable to consult a healthcare provider before taking any medication during pregnancy or breastfeeding. For children, the dosage and duration may vary depending on the patient's age and condition.

Stimulant laxatives can be used as a rescue agent

Constipation is a common condition that affects a significant number of individuals, regardless of age. It is characterised by hard and dry stool and a decreased frequency of bowel movements (less than three per week). While it is usually not a severe health problem, constipation can sometimes be the first symptom of an undiagnosed colon or bowel disease. It can also cause pain and discomfort and interfere with an individual's quality of life.

Laxatives are a category of medications that can be used to address constipation. They work by enhancing digestion and promoting bowel movements, thereby facilitating the process of bodily excretion. There are five basic types of laxatives: stimulant, osmotic, bulk-forming, stool softeners, and lubricants.

However, it is important to note that stimulant laxatives should not be used for more than a week unless specifically advised by a doctor. They can be habit-forming and harmful to the bowels if used for an extended period. Additionally, they should not be given to children under six without a paediatrician's instruction.

While laxatives can be effective in treating constipation, they are not the sole treatment. Initial management should involve lifestyle changes, such as consuming more fluids and fibre-rich foods. If constipation persists despite these modifications, laxatives can be considered.

Bulking agents are proven to work but require adequate hydration

As people age, they become more prone to constipation. While this is usually not a severe health issue, constipation can cause pain and discomfort and, in some cases, may indicate an undiagnosed colon or bowel disease.

One way to treat constipation is with bulking agents, which are a type of dietary treatment. These include soluble fibre (e.g. psyllium, ispaghula) and insoluble fibre (e.g. wheat bran). When taken with water, these fibres increase stool bulk and frequency. This is because they absorb liquid in the intestines, creating a softer, more liquid-like stool that is easier to pass.

The benefits of bulking agents include their effectiveness in treating chronic constipation due to diet, lifestyle, recent surgery, or medication. They are also often preferred because they gradually improve constipation symptoms and carry less risk of side effects such as cramping or explosive diarrhoea, which can occur with stimulant laxatives.

However, it is important to note that bulking agents require adequate hydration to be effective. They should be taken with at least 8 ounces of water or fruit juice to prevent bowel obstruction. Staying well-hydrated throughout the day is also important. In addition, people with kidney disease or diabetes should consult a doctor before using bulking agents, as there is a risk of electrolyte imbalances.

Lubricant laxatives are highly effective in the short term

While lubricant laxatives are highly effective in the short term, they are not recommended for long-term use. This is because mineral oil can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and certain prescription medications. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor before using lubricant laxatives and to only use them as directed. In addition, mineral oil can cause pneumonia if inhaled, so it is important to take the proper dosage and avoid taking it at the same time as other medications or supplements.

Lubricant laxatives are just one option for treating constipation in seniors. Other types of laxatives include bulk-forming laxatives, osmotic laxatives, and stimulant laxatives. Bulk-forming laxatives, which are often recommended as a first-line treatment, draw water into the stool to make it softer and easier to pass. Osmotic laxatives, such as polyethylene glycol, hold water in the stool to soften it and increase bowel movements. Stimulant laxatives, such as senna and bisacodyl, trigger contractions in the bowels to push the stool along. However, stimulant laxatives can cause dependency if used too often. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor if constipation persists despite the use of laxatives.

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